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C. an ineffective cough. D. assess his or her respiratory effort. All vital signs are within their normal ranges except for the blood pressure. 85. C. skin that is cool and dry. Page: 1182. Children are less likely than adults to be struck by a car. Page: 1184. Correct Response A) sunken fontanelles. Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? B. Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? Answer: D C. caused by inflammation of the spinal cord. Page: 1171. A. monitor the child's heart rate. A. evaluate the child's baseline vital signs. C. 5 B. cause the child to vomit. B. thoroughly suction his or her airway. A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: When a child experiences a blunt injury to the abdomen: he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults, without signs of shock developing, partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the BSA. playing with a small toy. This means that the patient has: a. normal breath sounds. A. an oral airway has been inserted. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. ________ pulse. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: A. intercostal muscles are not well developed. You respond to a skate park where a 10year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. The components of the PAT are: A. A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: abdominal distension. Background ELBW infants are vulnerable to cold stress during the transition from delivery room to intensive care. After using the PAT to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Wheezing. A. sexual activity D. ensure that his or her head is in a hyperextended position. D. swimming pools. Question Type: General Knowledge D. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement 84. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: C. retractions. Compared to adults, the liver and spleen of pediatric patients are more prone to injury and bleeding because B. asthma. Signs of infection include an increase in VS, poor feeding, vomiting, pupil dilation, decreased LOC, and . Question Type: General Knowledge D. epiglottitis. The suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age, and the suture of the posterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age. D. wheezing. C. excessive tachycardia. B. Question Type: General Knowledge because less air is exchanged with each breath, detection of poor air movement or complete absence of breath sounds in a child can be difficult, appearance, work of breathing, circulation. Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: D A. carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it. C. ensure that he or she uses a neonatal device for children younger than 12 months. Answer: A D. retracting the intercostal muscles. A. perform abdominal thrusts. When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should: C. may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: C) a stiff or painful neck. You Increased respiratory effort is often the distinguishing characteristic that sets cardiogenic shock apart from other forms of shock. Page: 1189. An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite B. moderate dehydration. Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? B. B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution demonstratedinpreterminfants; CBFvelocity normalisedalongwithPo2in terminfants.5 Extremely low birthweight infants can be treated appropriatelywithroomairor30-40% oxygen in the delivery room.6 Routine use of 80-100%oxygenduringtheinitial stabilisation at birth, as often recommended,7 may there-fore produce hyperoxaemia in some infants. B. fear or anxiety. B. rhonchi. Question Type: General Knowledge C. generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, and a short or absent postictal phase. 81. When interventions are not provided to prevent hypothermia, the infant exhibits irritability, excessive motor activity, tachycardia, bradycardia, respiratory distress, cyanosis, skin mottling, or. A 4-year-old, 16-kg female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. 44. D. a supervisor can forbid you from reporting possible abuse. D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. Answer: B A. proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. C. belly breathing. Answer: B When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following A. observe the chest for rise and fall. C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: B. place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. If a pediatric patient begins seizing again during your care, which of the following would be your treatment priority? approximately 5 minutes. C. their bones bend more easily than an adult's. A. routinely suction the mouth to remove oral secretions. B. 15% A. quiet breathing. Answer: A A. chills. Page: 1183. c. diminished breath sounds. She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask. A. older than 8 to 10 years. B. a weak cough. Page: 1162. 16 Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child may include a Warm dry skin from MEDICAL TE 24 at North Seattle College Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? 75. An oropharyngeal airway should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum-based product because it may: When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: depress the tongue with a tongue depressor. A. spinal cord injury Page: 1187, 87. D. are most severe if the child ingested a poisonous substance. 51. B. EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. B. D. hypovolemic shock. D. isolated tonic-clonic activity, a duration of greater than 15 minutes, and a short postictal phase. The components of the PAT are: A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. Most of the dark matter is thought to consist of ;it is not the "normal" dark matter composed of. neutrons, protons, and electrons. C. intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Question Type: General Knowledge B. secondary to a severe bacterial infection. B. are more obvious than in the adult population. The Sun radiates energy into space at the rate of 3.91026J/s3.9 \times 10 ^ { 26 } \mathrm { J } / \mathrm { s }3.91026J/s How does this mass loss arise? Page: 1185. An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: B. crying and anxiety. A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: Compression of the cord results in vasoconstriction and resultant fetal hypoxia, which can lead to fetal death or disability if not rapidly diagnosed and managed. In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, a short/absent postictal phase. D) altered mental status. D. 70, Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE history from an B. not rule out compensated shock. C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. D. is most appropriate when your transport time is short. She is The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. A. place her supine and elevate her legs. When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: D. 70, Answer: A Correct D. start of infancy. Whenever your blood vessels need to be tightened or widened, your vasomotor nerves (part of your sympathetic nervous system) can tell your muscles to adjust the amount of space inside your blood vessels. consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver. You should: B. respiratory or circulatory failure. Boerrhave's syndrome. A. hot items on a stovetop. Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? and determine that it is slow and irregular. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the A. older than 8 to 10 years. D. open his airway and look in his mouth. Page: 1158-1159. She is conscious, but clearly restless. The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal immobilization device if: C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. 89. A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. D. nausea and vomiting. following questions would be of LEAST pertinence? and perform a secondary assessment. D. delayed capillary refill indicates a state of decompensated shock. A. cherry-red spots or a purplish rash. Write a test program that displays m(i) for i = 1, 2, . D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. Answer: C The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? C. vomiting and diarrhea. B. slide the device under the child. Page: 1165. D. open his airway and look in his mouth. A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head. The majority of cervical spine injuries in children are partial transections of the spinal cord, resulting in A. Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial pulse or ________ Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called: A. heart rate 34. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: 8. C. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, obtain baseline vital signs, apply full spinal precautions, and perform a secondary assessment. B. blood pressure 93. He is conscious, but his A. child abuse. C. 4 seconds. B. back 90. A. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, perform an in-depth secondary assessment, apply full spinal precautions, and transport. Answer: B C. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. B. headache and fever. Question Type: General Knowledge putting a baby to sleep on his or her back. is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: intercostal muscles are not well developed, blood vessels near the skin are constricted. A. place padding under the child's head. obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must: What time did the ingestion occur? Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge What does respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause? Answer: A A. evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene B. internal blood loss. C. has a possible closed fracture of the radius. Page: 1180. C. avoiding the placement of a splint, if possible. When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should: Arch Dis Child 25(123): 242-253. When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to: place oxygen tubing through a hole in a paper cup. Page: 1197, EMT Chapter 33- Obstetrics & Neonatal Care eB, EMT Chapter 33: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Winningham's Critical Thinking Cases in Nursing, Barbara A Preusser, Julie S Snyder, Mariann M Harding. Page: 1187. Write a recursive method to compute the following series: m(i)=13+25+37+49+511+613++i2i+1m(i)=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{7}+\frac{4}{9}+\frac{5}{11}+\frac{6}{13}+\ldots+\frac{i}{2 i+1} albuterol. B. a sudden ventricular arrhythmia. D. delayed capillary refill indicates a state of decompensated shock. C. a rapid heart rate. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: A. they usually do not wish to be observed during a procedure. Late signs of intracranial pressure that comprise Cushing triad include hypertension with a widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, and abnormal respiration. Page: 1180, 66. A. alcohol. C. his or her vital signs are stable. The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. 3 seconds. Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: B. You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. A. high fever. 12. B. child abuse. C. slightly flex the neck to prevent tracheal kinking. B. attempt cooling measures, offer oxygen, and transport. Pupillary response in pediatric patients may be abnormal in the presence of all of the following, EXCEPT: B. fear or anxiety. 67. Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct? As you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. D. an altered mental status. A 2-month-old infant was found unresponsive in his crib by his mother. EMT - Chapter 33: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care, EMT - Chapter 36: Patients With Special Chall, Joint Fires Observer Familiarization - Module, Joint Fires Observer Familiarization JKO - Gl, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Career Prep- First 9 Weeks Test Study Guide. C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. D. 98 mm Hg. Bacterial infection is a life-threatening complication that sometimes necessitates shunt removal. B. ensure that his or her neck is hyperextended. C. 90 mm Hg D. 10 years. Page: 1158. C. perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. due to compensatory vasoconstriction and constriction. B. stabilize his head and check for a pulse. 52. D. assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and Answer: B Answer: A B. ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. You are responding to a 9-1-1 call where the mother reported finding her 3-month-old daughter cyanotic and unresponsive in her crib. Blood loss in a child exceeding _____ of his or her total blood volume significantly increases the risk of shock. Page: 1196. C. nasal flaring. B. a stiff or painful neck. C. have a parent restrain the child as you give oxygen. B. meningitis. D. acute respiratory distress. Page: 1182. Your assessment reveals that she Question Type: General Knowledge Page: 1155. Page: 1184. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. C. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. You should: encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport. 24. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. d. an absence of breath sounds. B. should be performed, regardless of the circumstances. After using the PAT to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: Pale skin in a child indicates that the: 25. Pale skin in a child indicates that the: You should suspect: The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Question Type: General Knowledge C. an unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations Page: 1196, 103. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? The studies that have found beneficial effects from omega-3 supplementation for symptoms and signs of dry eye disease include one showing that daily supplementation with 1,000 mg omega-3s (650 mg EPA plus 350 mg DHA) for 3 months in 518 men and women (mean age about 40 years) living in northern India reduced symptoms and some signs of dry eye . Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between the ages of: Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? determining the presence of shock in infants and children? An increased respiratory rate, particularly with signs of distress (eg, increased respiratory effort including nasal flaring, retractions, seesaw breathing, or grunting) An inadequate respiratory rate, effort, or chest excursion (eg, diminished breath sounds or gasping), especially if mental status is depressed Question Type: General Knowledge signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: D. fracture of the cervical spine. The narrowing (constriction) of blood arteries by tiny muscles in their walls is known as vasoconstriction. B. allow the family to observe if they wish. D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. C. 25 g Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: A. place bulky padding behind his or her occiput. Question Type: General Knowledge B. occur after a week of a febrile illness. Answer: D Answer: B B. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is: of the head. D. wheezing. His mother states that she saw him put a small Page: 1193. A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is MOST commonly the result of: When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: they usually do not wish to be observed during a procedure. Answer: B You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. 27. C. severe infection. Because of a child's proportionately large head, they are more prone to spinal cord injuries than adults. Critical burns in children include: The MOST efficient way to identify the appropriately sized equipment for a pediatric patient is to: use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. B. back Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. When a child faints, the blood supply and the oxygen that blood brings to the brain is temporarily reduced. obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. Page: 1182. D. bradycardia. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is C. ear pain. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. B. wheezing. C. determine why the ingestion occurred. B. bradycardia. 15% Question Type: General Knowledge Immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: Question Type: General Knowledge A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: 48. C. exposure to caustic chemicals. 40 D. observe the chest for adequate rise. Answer: B Question Type: General Knowledge B. push the tongue anteriorly. B. EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. B. tachypnea. D. begin chest compressions if she becomes unresponsive and her heart rate falls below 80 beats/min. D. duration of symptoms. Question Type: General Knowledge Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: Page: 1176. B. oxygen content in the blood is decreased. A. typically last less than 30 minutes. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? D. hypovolemic shock. A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. 13. Page: 1192. Clinical signs of neonatal infection are nonspecic and include manifestations from various systems. During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS: The distance is automatically calculated from the travel time of this pulse. A. pink, dry skin. The four common clinical signs that distinguish cardiogenic shock are tachycardia, dyspnea, jugular vein distention, and hepatomegaly. D. acute hypoxia and tachycardia. B. cause the child to vomit. level of activity is decreased. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: C. 25% 12.5 g They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. When ventilating a pediatric patient with a bag-mask device, the EMT should: block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. inhalation by: A. assume the child is hypertensive. C. consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Answer: C Answer: C A. A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. Greenstick fractures occur in infants and children because: Vasoconstriction can cause the following: Pale skin Tingling feeling in fingers and/or toes Numbness in extremities Cramps Headaches Imbalance Partial vision loss or blurred vision Increased. A. the car seat is visibly damaged. Page: 1162. Page: 1176. A. discourage the family from observing. B. B. ma volume in newborn infants. Answer: D A. a cardiac arrhythmia. D. child's core body temperature is elevated. D. children with shunts. Question Type: Critical Thinking Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? The mother tells you that the seizure lasted D. capillary refill. Answer: D D. isolated tonic-clonic activity, a duration of greater than 15 minutes, and a short postictal phase. Your friend whimsically says that at the South Pole, a step in any direction is a step north. His pulse is slow and bounding. C. second-degree burns covering more than 10% of the body surface. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) sunken fontanelles. Effective methods for providing pain relief to a child with an extremity injury include: C. putting a baby to sleep on his or her back D. become obstructed by mucus. may indicate a serious underlying illness. D. a headache. C. grunting. ground; he was not wearing a helmet. Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of: With regard to the legal implications of child abuse: EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: B His pulse is slow and bounding. D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child. B. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. A. chills. There are no obvious signs of trauma to the child, and the car seat does not appear to be damaged. B. unresponsiveness, complete body relaxation, a fever greater than 105F, and a short postictal phase. You should: Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. A. 49. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: Answer: B Vasoconstriction can help or hurt your body, depending on the situation. Question Type: General Knowledge Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. C. perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. 88. D. Do you know what substance was ingested? The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: B. wheezing. B. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. C. seizures and hypoxia Correct D. altered mental status. Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must: ensure the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. C. belly breathing. A. cyanosis. D. acute respiratory distress.