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Here Are the Best Reviewed Books of the Month. Besides know-how, the miners depended upon instinct and luck. Shows wages and hours of workers in the cotton industry over a 23 year period. Some picked slate and other debris out of the coal on fast-moving conveyor belts. of Agriculture report. From the Newcomb-Endicott store, Detroit, Michigan. Source: Women's Bureau Bulletin #25. Lists annual pay for individuals occupying administrative and supervisory positions in the executive and judicial branches. The laborer's work is often made difficult by the water and rock which are found' in large quantities in coal veins. Includes both land and buildings. Shows average annual expenditure for food, rent, clothing, and medical care per family member. Wages are shown in Sweden kronor. Photographer + writer. by SEX Rompers, night gowns, baby shoes, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Aboveground, many miners suffered at the hands of the company men who short-weighed tonnage a man had loaded or docked his pay because slate was found mixed in with the coal. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. Shows the daily wages of Chilean miners between 1911 and 1924 in both pesos and the U.S. dollar. Coal mine owners and superintendents rarely went underground. A strong, skilled coal loader might fill five or more cars in a day. Wages are shown in shillings. Next came preparations for extracting the coal. At suppertime, youngsters like Frank would sit with the men on a pile of slate and listen as veterans of the mine would sing songs, spin yarns, and tell jokes; they would rib the boys, trick them for laughs, and tell them tall tales of the devilish apparitions that appeared to them down in the hole. Mr. Average earnings by occupation and districts. Study showed how much a family of five would need to live in Washington DC in 1920. Salary data for judges inNY, PA, NJ and CT. Source: Women's Bureau Bulletin #85. In the hand-loading era, an underground miners workplace, usually called a room, was only as high as the coal seam. Believed to be the worst coal mine disaster ever, an explosion at the Bnxh mine in Liaoning province killed 1,549 people in 1942. Source: BLS. Occupations included are limited before 1916. 365-372. Compensationby job titlefor New York City, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, San Francisco and more cities. Hourly employees were bound to the ten-hour day, but the coal loaders, or tonnage men, often worked fewer hours and sometimes exercised the right to leave the mine without permission. Shows the average weekly earnings by industry and occupation. Between 1880 and 1920, southern West Virginias population grew from 93,000 to 446,000, due almost entirely to the coal industry. Includes drug items, toilet items, and miscellaneous items. Religious organizations -Salaries, 1929in. By 1910, more Italian immigrants lived in McDowell County than anywhere else in the state. Compares average retail prices for grocery items in independent stores and in chain stores. Totals are shown in Canadian dollars. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Shows wage rates for engineers, conductors, passenger baggage men, coal passers, firemen, switch tenders, hostlers, signalmen, station agents, telegraphers, machinists, car cleaners, and more. Took into account additional sources of income for farm families, such as income derived from animals or investments. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin #682, chapter 9: "Monthly earnings of professional engineers," pp. This booklet shows prices for hotels and amenities such astelephone, restaurant meals,haircuts, bath house, etc. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. The need to correct these abuses led the UMWA to demand the employment of a check-weigh man whom the miners could trust. Shows pay for those involved in "1st class New York City productions" including actors of various levels (from chorus to leads) as well as directors, designers, scene painters, stage hands, etc. Prices are shown in Japanese yen. Workers focused on the pace of work, safety, and wages. 45-57. In 1923, there were about 883,000 coal miners; today there are about 53,000. Use "search in this text" feature to navigate (or contact us for assistance). Source: The cost of living among wage-earners, Cincinnati OH, pp. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, No. 294-295. Source: Source: BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics, 1931 edition. Kanawha County coal seams were relatively thick, so men could often stand or just bend slightly, but some coal cutters had to work bent over all day in low coal. After sorting out the slate fragments and loading the car, the miner attached his brass check to the side of the car and pushed it out into the main tunnel, where mules or a small locomotive pulled the load out of the mine to the weigh station and then to the tipple, where the coal would be prepared and funneled into railroad cars. Source: Shows the daily or monthly wages of 13 occupations in the treaty port. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. Coal companies also recruited in Europe. School and office supplies: Source: BLS. Source: BLS Source: BLS, See fairly comprehensive coverage of this topic in Appendix 23, "Charges for various kinds of medical services" in, Fee schedules established by the Ohio State Medical Association for. Each table spans 2 book pages, and row labels only show on even-numbered pages. A good blast could bring down a ton or more of coal from the fractured face. For example, a dollar earned in 2020 had the same buying power as 7 in 1928. For easier browsing, the information is. Source: Lists costs of running a farm, including costs of power, labor, insurance, interest on loans, etc. Recognizable name brand items in the price lists include Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Quaker Oats, Cream of Wheat, Hershey's Cocoa, Aunt Jemima Pancake Flour, Mazola Oil, Wesson Oil, Coleman's Mustard, Post Toasties, Morton's Salt, Knox Gelatin, Sun Maid Raisins, Palmolive soap, Log Cabin syrup, Del Monte canned goods, Heinz ketchup, Gold Medal flour, Carnation Milk, Life Savers candy, Bon Ami scouring powder, Lucky Strike cigarettes, Camel cigarettes, Scott Tissue toilet paper, and many other brand name items. West Virginias drift mines were cut into the mountains horizontally and its slope mines descended gradually into the earth. Wages for workers engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel goods, machinery, railway rolling stock, boilers, vehicles, aircraft, electrical apparatus, scientific instruments and more. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, March 1932, The "Service Industries" chapter in this source breaks out wages paid to workers in hospitals, hotels, bowling alleys, theaters, parks, churches, country clubs, athletic clubs and yacht clubs, advertising agencies, banks, laundries, schools/colleges, and restaurants (making no distinction between waiters, cooks or bus boys). The survey covered 114 different cotton mills in 12 different state, and generally divides tables by occupation, sex, and year or occupation, sex, and state. Coal miners homemade prosthetic leg, about 1950. After workers had advanced the mine face to the end of the seam, veterans began the dangerous work of removing the massive coal pillars that stood between the rooms and helped support the mine top. Shows the average weekly wages of NY factory workers every month over a 14 year period. Shows by county the price of undeveloped land, plow land and farm land. A standard tune in miners lore began with lyric, Youve been docked and docked again, boys / Youve been loading two for one, and asked what the miner had to show for working so hard. In 1900 almost 2 percent of Americans were coal miners. Shows family expenditures by category. Hourly Rate. Shows data for 12 cities located in NY, OH, PA and MA, including NYC, Boston, Philadelphia and more. Prices on pp. Coal Miners Between 1880 and 1920, southern West Virginia's population grew from 93,000 to 446,000, due almost entirely to the coal industry. Shows the average weekly wages of various occupations in 8 different industries in Budapest. During the early 1900s, roof falls in the bituminous coal mines killed an average of 886 workers every year, as compared with the 274 deaths per year caused by explosions and fires. University of Missouri, Columbia Shows price list of one California retailer. Data is separated by sex and age. Source: AAUP report, p. 162. Wages shows in 1930 US dollars. Arranged by occupation and then by city and year. 467. And your eye upon the scale! Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Shows average public employee pay for each state. Income statistics of full time professional women were published in study by the Association of Business and Professional Women. Source: the Historian of the U.S. PRICES in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, WAGES -- GENERAL SOURCES (all occupations and worker types), WAGES in AIRPLANE and AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING, 1920s. In West Virginia's colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Describes the labor policy of Mexico in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Shows wages and hours for union bricklayers, building laborers, carpenters, cement finishers,hod carriers, inside wiremen, painters, plasterers, plumbers, stonecutters and more. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. By 1850, approximately half of Kanawha Countys slaves worked in the salt industrymany mined coal to fuel the furnaces. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. Manufacturing wages -- SEE box further below. The wage data is broken out by sex. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, no. Wages are shown in Finnish marks. Compares wages in common industries such as building, engineering, shipbuilding, textiles, railway, agriculture, printing, and in pottery. Constitution Avenue, NW Source: BLS. House paints, paint brushes, doors & windows, wrench sets, home improvement tools, steel safes, fencing, garden tools, wrenches & other assorted tools, water pumps, plows, milk cans, gasoline-powered generators. One statute required operators to print maps of their mines, but it excluded any provisions for enforcing this requirement. Workers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884, Managers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884. Details the price of clothing for men, women, boys and girls on pp. Its an era of company town labor we are not likely to see return as automation and renewable energy continue to render these kinds of occupations obsolete. Kitchen: Even in a good week, there was unpaid work to perform: propping up newly opened rooms with wooden posts, laying track to his room, and lowering the floor of the main tunnel so loaded coal cars could pass through. Source: BLS, Shows the hourly and weekly earnings of industrial wages in Romanian leu. Coal mining wages - Illinois, 1920. Also shows the averagecost to rent farm landor pastures by the acre, by county. Furniture, bookcases, carpets and rugs, curtains, hanging lamps, lightbulbs, table and floor lamps, clocks. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs spurred a population boom in the region, which stretches from western New York state to Alabama. Lists the price of bricks, flooring, framing lumber, rough boards, Portland cement, roofing material, house paint and more. Work clothes, work shirts, dress shirts, dress pants, trousers, vests, suits, dress gloves, overcoats, winter coats, fur caps and collars, neck ties, belts and suspenders, caps and hats, nightwear, socks, shoes, boots, pocket knives, pocket watches, toupes, razors, smoking pipes. Wages are shown in both US and English currency. Many of the reports can be found in. Bicycles, binoculars, footballs & basketball supplies, ice skates, athletic gear, boxing, baseball, & tennis supplies, fishing tackle, camping gear, guns. In some cases, when word came around that a miner had been scolded or punished by a boss, workers would gather on a pile of slate to talk about the incident, and the bolder ones with a manly bearing toward the boss would speak up for their fellow worker. Coal miner Bill Keating composed the ballad Down, Down, Down to break my loneliness and to show my mule I was in a friendly mood., President John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers, convention badge, 1936. Source: One-page table shows 80 years of average retail prices for bread, milk, eggs and other common food items. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. Self-respecting craftsmen were even known to stop working when a foreman came by to inspect their room. Meal time was cold, cramped, and wet. Under these terms, a hard worker could earn $2.00 for ten to twelve hours of labor, if the work was steady. Includes breakouts by state, source of income, and more. Source: The tables show pay for employees engaged in the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, car bodies and parts. Shows forty pages of incomedata with numerous breakouts. The region's first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. This answer is: Study guides. Source: American Druggist, January 1923 issue. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. The carpenters, mechanics, mule skinners, and other mine employees, who enjoyed no such latitude, were known by pit-face miners as company men. By contrast, the pit-face miners saw themselves as autonomous workmen who labored for themselves as well as for the company. By 2003 that number had dipped to just 70,000. $20.00 per week. 484. In West Virginias colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Shows wages by occupation grouped by industries, with breakouts for males and females. View object record Miner's hat, about 1930 These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. Tables are broken down by occupation, sex, and state. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Tables are broken down by type of job, gender of employee, and geography. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Oct 1927, Shows the average daily wages for 14 different occupations in the Florence district. Working in coal mines is dangerous miners have to deal with toxic . Report published in 1921 tells wages for women working in offices, in meat and poultry packing, restaurants, food manufacturing, clothing manufacturing, laundries, and more. Coal operators enticed workersmany African Americanto move to West Virginia from Virginia and the Deep South. From, Earnings forveterinarians with governmentjobs, in scientific labs, in sales, or working as. Shows the changes in wages of united Illinois coal miners following a labor agreement. It also summarizes the years from 1907-1922. The mine foreman was legally responsible for safety. This calculator allows you to compare the buying power of wages earned at different points in history. 613. Retail prices for brick, cement, lumber of various kinds, window glass, shingles, nails and more. View object record Steam whistle With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. Shows the standard wages for different shift at ports in Antwerp, Belgium. Source: BLS, Shows the annual earnings of manual and nonmanual workers in Sweden. by RACE "In this region, I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment there would be between the operation and the death of the patient." Shows average wages alongside a cost of living index for Germany between 1929-1942. Occupations wages shown in 1930 US dollars. 525. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, July 1930. Lists single-unit prices for barbital, benzoyl peroxide, benzocaine, aspirin, quinoline, and more, showing proprietary and coined drug names. Discussion covers the history of minimum wage legislation in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, France, Norway, Argentina, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Uruguay, Hungary, Poland, Italy, and Rumania (Romania) up to 1928. It provided a $1.20-a- day wage increase effective Jan, and an increase of 80 cents a day beginning April 1, 1959. A trapper like Frank had to pay close attention to his duties, opening and closing the doors regularly to keep the air moving and to allow coal cars to pass back and forth. Source: BLS, Shows the average price of foodstuffs and other common goods in the federal district of Mexico. Source: This calculator can be used to determine the historical purchasing power of currency in the United Kingdom from 1270 to 2017. along with the country of origin, value in that country, transportation charges, duty charges and retail price in the U.S. Includes a photo of most items. Owners claimed property rights and managerial entitlements over the workplace. NOTE: Forhouseholdincome data for 1929, we recommend a1934 Brookings Institution report titled America's Capacity to Consume. Wages are shown in German marks. An experienced miner would often work calmly under conditions that would terrify a novice, wrote a veteran of the bituminous mines. Shows prices by month and year. Table 679 of this 1923 USDA Yearbook tells how much U.S. farmers paid for farm tools and implements, work gloves, shirts and shoes, shotguns, tobacco, wagons, building materials such as nails and shingles, and household items such as dishes and fruit jars, washtubs and buckets in 1909, 1914-1922. In 1927, "$30 per month was taken as the average minimum expenditure for rent in Boston for the [working class] family of four living on the American standard.". Miners would lie on their backs and use a pick to undercut the coal. Cottage and bungalow home designs with illustrations and floor plans in the "Wardway homes" catalog. Report published in 1925 mainly covers wages in manufacturing industries. Shows typical pay in stock companies, dramas, musical comedies, vaudeville and screen, from extras to Hollywood stars. Girl's: Source: BLS.