Market Research World: What are The Pros and Cons of Data Collection Methods? The Effects of Descriptive Representation on Interpersonal Relations. In this contribution we distinguish the substantive and the descriptive approach of representation. African Americans made up the largest percentage, with forty-eight members, while Latinos accounted for thirty-two members, up from nineteen just over a decade before. Comparing two schools within two separate districts instead of simply two schools in the city will add an additional layer of depth to this analysis, in that differences in the districts particular policies can be examined as to whether or not they contribute to the findings. A Contingent Yes. The findings of Mansbridges article, in sum, suggest that the benefits of descriptive representation should exceed the costs, it is not always needed, and it should be applied in an environment easy to change, fluid and dynamic in nature. Galligan, Y. Swiss-Subsaharan Africa Migration Inaugural call, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123404000134, Swiss Forum for Migration and Population Studies. The safest position would be to say that results are "mixed . Ultimately, whether or not bone conduction headphones are . Feminizing politics. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Cornell, D. (1998). West European Politics, 36(3), 447473. The debate about descriptive vs inferential statistics takes away from crafting a more holistic approach. Namely, the institutional design of the state legislature matters in terms of electoral responsiveness, with Florida and New Mexico the most responsive, and New York and the U.S. House the least responsive to the election of Latino legislators. Qualitative research, such as surveys and interviews, make information relatable to the reader. Diagnostic analytics gives the reason why something happened. Collecting the data from different different organizations in the specific forms of data collection. It evaluates empirical evidence on the impact of race, gender, and ethnicity on the behavior of legislators. systems than the old and traditional ones (Tawil, 2002). It is an Efficient Form of Government. Equal outcomes on an individual level would have implied that each and every individual got the same bundle of goods and burdens in question. As Shaw and McKay, found out that the rates of crime were not evenly spread out across areas of the city, and around the city. During this time more than ever, African Americans are able to speak on subjects that can affect us in the future. Prescriptive and descriptive theorists differ on their approach to instruction. Habermas, J. In academic and professional environments, researchers often take on research projects before making definitive statements or taking action involving the subject matter. Furthermore, women in the profession of politics often express a lack of interest in running for office and they are often subjected to the effect of career ceilings. Growing up in America, children are taught by their grade school teachers to be proud of being American. Descriptive representation is a representation in which representatives have similar backgrounds to the people they represent. Descriptive Representation: Factors that Contribute to the Underrepresentation of Hispanic-Americans in The U.S. House of Representatives According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Hispanic population in the United States is fifty-four million. Something about the areas needed to clarify the distinctions. For discussions of gender quotas in corporate boards, see, for example, Engelstad and Teigen (2012). Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 12411299. This advantage makes it possible to determine if outcomes are viable. Google Scholar. Hence, the debate about descriptive representation is clearly in need of a more contextualized assessment of its pros and cons. A., & Marmor, T. R. (1981). Saarbrcken: VDM Verlag Dr. Mller. Between facts and norms. States of democracy: A gender perspective. Is the ideal of deliberative democracy coherent? The Politics of Local Presence: Is there a Case for Descriptive Representation? Pearl Necklace for Women, 18K Gold Staion Neckalce Tin Cup Pearl Instead, proper representation for some is rooted in the racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, gender, and sexual identity of the representatives themselves. 7. Voice, trust, and memory: Marginalized groups and the failings of liberal representation. Experimental research offers the highest levels of control. Instead, proper representation for some is rooted in the racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, gender, and sexual identity of the representatives themselves. This may help you better understand research findings, whether reported in the mainstream 625 Words 3 Pages Decent Essays While descriptive statistics describe data, inferential statistics allows you to make predictions from data. Here are the major reasons for using graphics to highlight the pros & cons: Show the pluses and minuses of specific options. Pros of Reservation System in India The Reservation System in India traces its roots back to the pre-independence era, when it was introduced to put an end to social evils such as untouchability and caste system. Barry, B. Descriptive Representation Descriptive representation refers to the election of racial and ethnic minor-ity members to policymaking bodies (Pitkin 1967). London: Sage. This article examines theoretical expectations on the importance of descriptive representation. The procedures involved with experimental research make it possible to isolate specific variables within virtually any topic. Because of such instances, today, many political representatives attempt to practice descriptive representation which promotes racial unity. PROS Better understanding Easy sharing of information Accurate analysis Sales analysis Finding relations between events Modification of data Exploring opportunities and trends Geographical visualization CONS It gives estimation not accuracy Biased Lack of assistance Improper design issue Wrong focused people can skip core messages Evidence from Romania. Because it is so varied in method and usage, researchers favor its use in many different fields including marketing, medical health, science and psychology. The flexibility of purposive sampling allows researchers to . descriptive representation is the extent to which a representative or legislative body resembles a given constituent and her social or demographic identities. ), Women, politics, and change (pp. Measures like percentiles and quartiles become very useful in this area of expertise. In recent decades, Congress has become much more descriptively representative of the United States. Pros and Cons of Descriptive Research. Goodin highlights that legislatures and governments need not include all groups and subgroups in society to represent the fact of diversity. The notions of women-centred/intersectional state feminism, state feminism with/without a welfare state and with/without democratization should be thought of in terms of Weberian ideal types. Ltd. All Rights Reserved. If you see Sign in through society site in the sign in pane within a journal: If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society. PR potentially offers greater and more-representative choice for voters. Weak coalition government: Proportional representation results in a weak and indecisive coalition government since every party wants to act in their best interest or get their own way with things. Companies can collect data first-hand based on stats and unbiased information. 1. In this way, it couldn't just be that distinctive individuals lived in the high-wrongdoing territories than in the low-wrongdoing zones. Gender as seriality: Thinking about women as a social collective. Roemer, J. And bear in mind that representatives act on behalf of groups not directly included in decision-making so we should also focus on the representation of interests (though this is much harder to do than simply counting, of course). 518). For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Descriptive representation is the idea that political institutions should reflect the social composition of populations as they are.5 In descriptive representation, representatives not only have visible characteristics (such as ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation) that are common to their constituents but also have shared experiences such as Among them is Nancy Pelosi who became the Speaker of the House in the Eleventh Congress and James Clyburn, an African-American who served as Majority Whip. That structure makes it easier for extremist views to find official representation. Descriptive research provides numerical descriptions that identify what the thing being studied looks like in terms of its size, location, and frequency. Struggles to expand the breadth of political and civil rights in the United States have been critical to fostering greater inclusion and equality for racial/ethnic minorities in America. Gain seats easily: A party that receives a high enough percentage of votes has a seat in . The purpose of descriptive research, aside from describing a certain population or situation, is to know the basic knowledge of a study. Theory Given that the case study focuses on an Australian MEM representative, I will use the definition of 'ethnic' by Gianni Zappala. Legal harmonization and intersectionality in Swedish and Norwegian anti-discrimination reform. Advantage. While descriptive statistics are used to present raw data in an accurate way, inferential statistics are used to apply inferences derived from a data sample to the larger data population. The Politics of Local Presence: Is there a Case for Descriptive Representation? From class actions to Miss Saigon. Engelstad, F., & Teigen, M. (2012). Bone conduction headphones have many pros, including no ear wax build-up or infections, and they can be helpful for people with tinnitus. Proportional representation is a complicated form of election. Disadvantages of proportional representation. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State and Society, 21(2). Post- 2000 redistricting created more majority-Latino districts, although the absolute number of Latino legislators did not increase correspondingly. People of color are also serving as mayors across the country, including in major cities like D.C., Chicago, Baltimore, and Atlanta.
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